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HTML Vs XML: Difference Between HTML and XML [2023]

HTML Vs XML: Difference Between HTML and XML [2023]

Published On: March 16, 2022

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is used to display data with a structure to show how the data looks on the webpage. XML on the other hand (Extensible Markup Language) is used to structure, store, and transfer information and describe the web page data.

In this article, we would like to share with you an in-depth understanding of the differentiation between HTML and XML.

HTML in Detail

Hypertext Markup Language is a programming language used to display data and describe the structure of a webpage. It directs the pages using hyperlinks and enables the user to go any place on the internet by clicking on the hyperlinks without any set order.

Markup Language is the tags that define the page layout and the elements within the page. It contains different types of HTML elements with tags and content.

HTML language allows web developers to create links of documents that are static and it ignores small errors. Closing tags are not necessary for the HTML and it will be defined as a markup language for the text to be more dynamic and interactive.

HTML Programming Language is used to create websites that can be viewed by users with internet access. The HTML tags are English words that are placed in between < angle brackets> to separate standard text from HTML code.

HTML makes web pages with images, tables, diagrams, etc. The tags will not be displayed on the web pages but structure the appearance of data in the web pages.

There are many types of tags to perform various operations and functions to format the text on the web pages. Some of the frequently used tags are as follows.

  • <b> for making the text bold
  • <i> for making the text italic
  • <u> for underlining the text
  • <img> for placing the image

The tags have wrapped the text and display the text in the given structure like bold or italic. When the user views the content, only the data will be displayed but not the tags. The learning of different types of tags clearly makes you an expert in web page designing.

XML in Detail

Now, what is XML? XML is an Extensible Markup Language (XML) used for facilitating encoding the documents and defined by the set of rules. XML is developed by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) to provide a format for the data that can be read by humans and machines.

XML defines the document structure using tags and facilitates the page of how the document is to be stored and transported.

XML enables the creation of web applications and web pages as it is a dynamic language for transporting the data. It is used as the base of many other formats such as follows.

  • ATOM and RSS for telling how reader apps manage web feeds.
  • Microsoft.Net for configuring files.
  • Microsoft Office 2007 and later versions (.docx for word document, .pptx for PowerPoint application, and .xlsx for excel files).

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Advantages of HTML

HTML is used to build the structure of a website with various advantages such as

  • Easy to learn
  • Browser Independent
  • Plain text for simple to edit
  • Easy to integrate with other languages
  • Basis of all programming languages
  • Compressible, Lightweight, and Fast to download.

Disadvantages of HTML

HTML has some limitations as follows

  • Used to create only plain and static web pages
  • A lot of code is required for developing a simple webpage
  • Security features are not very good
  • Complicated to write long codes for making large websites.
  • Time-consuming for creating a webpage
  • No centralization options and every web page should be edited separately.

Advantages of XML

XML allows users to design their own tags according to their needs and it has the following advantages

  • XML is an extendable programming language
  • Easy to read and understand by beginners
  • Portable and Compatible with Java Programming Language
  • Platform-Independent that can be used by any system
  • XML supports Unicode
  • Data can be stored and transported at any point without affecting data presentation
  • The XML document is free of syntax errors
  • Simplified data sharing among systems using XML

Disadvantages of XML

When compared to other programming languages, XML has some following limitations.

  • Redundant and verbose
  • Large data volume that requires high storage and transportation cost for redundancy of XML syntax.
  • Less readable compared to other text-based formats.
  • Large in size as it has lengthy nature.
  • XML doesn’t support array types.

Key Differences Between HTML and XML

Following are the major differences between HTML and XML

Key Differences Between HTML and XML
HTML XML
Markup Language Standard Markup Language to define other markup languages
Not Case Sensitive Case Sensitive
Both Programming Language and Presentation Language Not a presentation language nor a programming Language
HTML has own predefined tags Flexible Tags that can be defined according to the needs of the programmers.
Closing tags are not required Closing tags are mandatory
White spaces will not be preserved Preserving white spaces
Displays the design of the web page in the way it is displayed on the client side. Allows data transportation from the database and relevant applications.
Used to display data Used to transfer data
Static Nature Dynamic in Nature
Provides native support Objects are expressed by conventions using the elements and attributes
The Null value is recognized natively Xsi:nil on elements is required in an XML instance document
Extra application code is not required in text parsing XML DOM application and implementation codes are required to map text back into JavaScript objects.

Conclusion

HTML and XML are similar to each other in that HTML is used to display data and describes the web page structure and XML is used to store and transfer data between pages. HTML is a predefined programming language, but XML is a standard language that defines other languages.

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